浅析食品安全风险评估和农业标准化的关系

食品安全风险评估是近年来国际上出现的保证食品安全的一种新模式,农业标准化是提高农产品质量的技术保障,实施农业标准化是保障粮食和食品安全的必要手段。阐述了食品安全风险评估和农业标准化的基本情况,论述两者的关系,以HACCP体系为例剖析两者结合是未来食品安全管理体系的方向。     

HACCP在复合性膳食纤维生产中的应用

介绍了HACCP的概况、基本原理和膳食纤维的重要作用，并具体阐述HACCP体系在复合性膳食纤维生产中的危害分析、确定关键控制点、建立纠偏措施等的制定和实施过程。     

汶川地震堰塞湖旅游开发研究

地震堰塞湖是指由于强烈地震诱发河道两侧山体发生块体运动,以滑坡、崩塌、泥石流等形式堆积的大量固体物质形成的土石堤坝横向堵塞河道,上游壅水而形成的湖泊。汶川地震后形成了132个堰塞湖,地震堰塞湖在对区域安全及环境造成了巨大危害的同时,也蕴藏了丰富的旅游资源。将地震堰塞湖开发成为旅游景区是国内外常见的堰塞湖利用方式之一。针对地震堰塞湖的安全性特点,浅析了旅游开发中存在的安全问题和旅游问题,并提出了相应的对策。     

民国初期“重商轻农”思想的危害

论述了民国初期,在政府"重商轻农"思想的影响下,大批农民脱离土地,形成了社会的不安定因素。同时,由于忽视农业,也导致粮、棉等工业原料供给不足,工业发展缺乏动力,从而产生出许多新的社会问题。     

戈尔曼情商理论与和谐图书馆的构建

在党中央提出“以人为本”构建和谐社会新理念的大背景下，高校图书馆作为一个履行高校教育、情报传递和研究支持等多重功能的机构，如何更好地适应时代的要求，提升图书馆的服务水平，建设和谐、包容、愉悦的图书馆人际氛围？美国《纽约时报》专栏作家丹尼尔·戈尔曼博士为我们带来了“情绪商数”理论，从表达个人、适应别人、如何调控情绪几个方面，为构建和谐图书馆提供了理论指导。笔者也从以上方面，表述了自己的想法。     

Presence and Numbers of Campylobacter,Escherichia coli,and Salmonella Determined in Broiler Carcass Rinses from United States Processing Plants in the Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point-Based Inspection Models Project

In 1999, the USDA-Food Safety and Inspection Service introduced an inspection system called the Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point-Based Inspection Models Project (HIMP). The HIMP varies from standard inspection in that the emphasis of Food Safety and Inspection Service inspection program personnel is shifted. Each carcass is still visually inspected according to the Poultry Products Inspection Act, but some responsibility for food safety and identification and removal of defects is shifted from the regulatory agency to the processor, freeing up inspectors to more effectively verify the process and food safety system of the establishment. This survey was conducted in 2 stages: first to examine carcasses collected in HIMP and non-HIMP plants and then to test carcasses from all 20 volunteer plants currently operating under HIMP inspection. Carcasses were collected at rehang and postchill being careful to follow the same flock through processing. Postchill carcasses from HIMP plants were found to have equal bacterial contamination (numbers of Campylobacter and Escherichia coli and presence of Salmonella) as carcasses from standard HACCP plants. Overall, HIMP inspection, which places additional responsibility on the plant for process control, does not affect the microbiological quality of fully processed broiler carcasses.     

酸奶生产中噬菌体的危害及控制

本文分析总结了酸奶制品感染噬菌体的主要原因,依据被噬菌体侵染的酸奶样品镜检结果,指出在酸奶实际生产中,保持良好的卫生环境和规范的操作程序是防止噬菌体感染的最有效措施。     

食品安全危害追溯研究

食品追溯是保证食品安全的重要措施之一。目前,食品追溯主要是指产品追溯,不能明确问题食品危害发生机理及发生条件。提出了危害可追溯的概念,介绍了危害追溯与产品追溯的联系与区别,研究并探讨了危害追溯的定义、原理及组成要素,为食品监管部门管理监督和食品生产加工者建立与实施基于危害追溯理论的SN/T1443.1《食品安全管理体系要求》提供理论指导。     

Water Use and Reuse in Commercial Turkey Processing Facilities

A survey of turkey processing facilities was conducted to determine the average volume of water used per bird during processing, the average amount of recycled processing water, and the types of poultry processing antimicrobial treatments. Ninety-three surveys were sent out to turkey processing facilities in the United States. Twenty-six surveys were completed and returned (28%). The combined processing capacity of the 26 facilities that responded to the survey was approximately 1.03 million birds per day or 71% of the total US turkey production (252 million annually). Most of the facilities that responded to the survey reported operating 5 d each week using city water (85%) and discharging wastewater through the city sewer system (77%). The average amount of water used during processing was reported to be approximately 30 gal per turkey—an increase of 23% with the implementation of the Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point program. Approximately 92% of the respondents reported using a cage or truck washing station. Thirty-one percent of the facilities reported that they recycle processing water. Data from the present survey may be of interest to turkey processing facilities that want to establish a water conservation program.     

三嗪类除草剂莠去津的研究进展

三嗪除草剂莠去津是在世界范围内广泛应用的一种除草剂,其对人类健康、农业生产及生态环境的影响具有全球性,已经引起广泛关注。本文介绍了莠去津的性质、危害、迁移分布、分析检测及相关的法规。